Pilates is a physical fitness regime devised by Joseph Pilates in the first half of the 20th century. Joseph Pilates was born in 1883 in Germany. He was frail and sick as a child – suffering from asthma, rickets and rheumatic fever. Despite these illnesses, he mastered many sports including bodybuilding, gymnastics, skiing, diving and was an anatomy model at the age of 14.
He travelled to England in 1912 and worked as a self-defence instructor for Scotland Yard, but at the onset of World War 1, Joseph was interred, along with other German nationals, in a concentration camp. While interred, he trained other inmates in a system of exercises he had been developing. He rigged springs to hospital beds to enable bedridden patients to exercise against the spring’s resistance. Such ideas later led to the development of the Trapeze Table and his other studio equipment. In 1918, an influenza epidemic struck England, killing thousands of people, though not one of Joseph’s trainees died.
He claimed this affirmed the effectiveness of his exercise system. After his release from the concentration camp, Joe returned to Germany, where his exercise method became popular throughout the dance community. In 1923, Joe immigrated to the United States, meeting his future wife, Clara, on the voyage there. Together they opened a fitness studio in New York, sharing an address with the New York City Ballet, and working primarily with ballet dancers.
He named his exercise regime, ‘Contrology’. In 1967 he passed away, leaving a legacy of better health and wellness, that many consider being fifty years ahead of its time. His method later became more widely known in association with his surname and is now known as Pilates.